Report of the Committee on Weighted GPA – October 11, 2006

2006-2007 Officers
Co-Presidents: Debora Hoard & Marlene Stone
Co-Vice-Presidents: Karen Large & Sharon Kelly
Treasurer: Nancy Leonelli
Secretary: Marilyn Rea Beyer

The meeting was called to order, the treasurer’s report was submitted. Questions were taken from the floor.
Q: Why do we have a negative balance on budget?
A: We have a reserve fund of $15,000. Also, typically, not all the stipends get used. But we could, of course, use more membership. We are just over 50%. Some people commented that this was poor, but it is in fact average.

Q: Didn’t we used to have higher membership?
A: No clear answer.

Q: What is the landscaping line item?
A: Any landscaping you see around high school is volunteer effort. The high school has gotten a large share of the budget so it didn’t continue to look like a construction zone. This is to make sure volunteers have the resources they need.

Q: (Olga Guttag, school board member) How is the donation from town being carried? In effect, we are processing money from the town for landscaping. It has never been separated out in the past, but for full disclosure it is being separated. We want to make sure that people understand that the town is not giving money to PTSA, but that PTSA is giving all this money to school for landscaping, and processing town money for same.
Move to accept budget. Seconded. Voice vote in favor.

The meeting was then turned over to GPA Committee.
What follows are excerpts from the committee’s presentation and attendees questions and comments. “Q” indicates a parent’s comment or inquiry.

Weighted GPA Committee Members:
John “Jack” Papadonis (Social Studies)
Chris Doucette (Math)
Elliot Gimble (Science)
Karen Russell (English)
Dr. Michael Jones, Principal (ex-officio)
On the committee but not in attendance: Nikki Amara (Guidance - no longer at LHS) Rebecca Federspiel (Social Studies)

Jack Papadonis: We’ll take you through the process we went through to study issue of weighted GPA.
[NOTE: The report can be viewed online at this address: <http://lhs.lexingtonma.org/gpa_report.html>. The full report, including appendices, can be reviewed in hard copy in the LHS Main Office.]

Committee three or four years ago recommended getting rid of weighted GPA. Faculty voted overwhelmingly to get rid of weighted GPA. After further discussion, it was decided to re-study the matter.

We took it upon ourselves to look at new data. Did a literature search to see what the literature says about weighted GPA. Not a lot there on weighted GPA, but a great deal of information on class rank, which is related. We held a parents forum, used parents questions and concerns to guide our study. We held a student forum, which was not terribly well attended, and surveyed students in January, to find out how students felt. Statistical analysis was an important part of the process. Looked at data from college admission counselors. (How do they look at transcript, compare students from different schools?) We asked how they treated home- schooled children applying to colleges, versus students coming out of public schools with GPAs. There is a lot of data in the report. Looked at data, analyzed it, made a decision for a recommendation.

The committee is recommending eliminating weighted GPA. Presented an “Addendum to the Executive Summary: The Rationale for Unweighted GPA.” (below)

For the convenience of the reader in the general distribution of this report, the Committee has added the following rationale for it recommendation to eliminate the weighted GPA from the Lexington High School student assessment system:

1

Surveys and studies indicate that over the past ten years, colleges are increasingly diversifying their criteria for admissions; GPAs reported by high schools are usually recalculated by college admissions boards; and class rank (which is closely linked to the use of weighted GPA) is less of a factor in college admissions than once it had been.

2

Weighted GPA, which over the years has been affiliated with class ranking, has lost whatever significance it has had in schools like Lexington High School, which dropped class rankings two decades ago.

3

While there is no consensus within the Lexington High School student population on the value of weighted GPA, the faculty and student/faculty groups that have examined the issue over the past four years have consistently and overwhelmingly recommended that weighted GPAs be dropped.

4

Weighted GPAs are useless in comparing Lexington students to students of other high schools, because no commonly accepted weighting system exists in secondary education.

5

Weighted GPAs provide a distorted way of comparing Lexington High School students to one another because of widespread flaws in the system, including the arbitrary and inconsistent assigning of numerical enhancements to courses and programs within the broader program of studies.

6

Weighted GPAs are disadvantageous to Lexington High School students who excel in highly challenging courses or programs that do not offer advanced placement options or honors options or that do not allow students to repeat honors level courses (such as concert choir or varsity debate).

7

Weighted GPAs have proven useless as predictors of academic performance among students changing course levels, thus suggesting that the weighting system is arbitrary and flawed.

8

The weighted GPA is inconsistent with the High Schools Mission Statement, which affirms the values of high academic standards within an environment that discourages .unhealthy stress and unproductive competition.

Papadonis:
In particular, we determined that using a weighted grade point average (WGPA) is inconsistent with the LHS mission statement, as pointed out in point #8. Kids feel hard work is diminished because of weighted GPA.
[Papadonis then presented a series of statistics gleaned from an independent study of various colleges and universities admissions processes.]
Factors in admissions – 1993-2004
Class rank dropped from 42% of colleges using it as a factor to 28% using it as a factor of considerable importance in admissions.
Grades rose as a factor.
Grades in college-prep courses are an overwhelming factor. WGPA doesn’t even show up on the study.
Colleges have de-emphasized class rank, but increased value placed on the student essay.
At LHS, the emphasis on writing in the curriculum pays dividends, as evidence anecdotally by students who report experiences in their college courses.
The research is there that says rank is less and less of a factor, and colleges are looking at “overall” GPAs, as opposed to WGPA.

Q&A
Q: Aren’t we disadvantaging kids who want to go to the few schools who consider weighted GPA, e.g., Brown?
A: (Papadonis) We’re making decisions based on what is best of the vast majority of students. And we have seen that the rigor at LHS is a strong factor in recommending LHS students to selective schools.
A: (Gimble) Weighted GPA is most useful in comparing students from the same school; hence, deciding which LHS student to take and which to reject.
A: (Papadonis) Recommendation is to put the phrase “college prep” on the transcript before all courses that are, indeed, taught as college prep at LHS.

Q: Is there a consensus among students?
A: (Papadonis) Many students did say they wanted weighted grades, but on the same survey made narrative comments that were the opposite of that response.
A:(Doucette) We saw big discrepancies and confusion among students’ survey responses.
A: (Papadonis) Don’t forget, we’re looking at three colleges [that consider weighted GPA]. The vast majority of colleges look at five basic courses (English, Science, Math, Social Studies, Foreign Language) and re-calculate the GPA based on their own formula (say, A=4, etc.). They will then add to it the factors of difficulty of coursework.

Q: I am troubled that three of ten schools you surveyed, 30%, said they would ask for weighted GPA. [NOTE: Referring to survey of ten schools LHS students apply to most often.] How many say that if they get it, it is a negative?
A: (Papadonis) They are getting applications from schools and home scholars that do not have any GPA at all.

Q: Do all those schools really re-calculate the GPAs?
A: There is a real interesting article about how admissions are handled behind the scenes. [Guidance department can direct parents to this article.]

Q: We would like to have the weighted GPA upon request of student...because...
A: (Papadonis) That’s already happening with students in our AP courses, etc.

Q: I’m more concerned with the signal we send to students about the value of the grade they get in harder courses. A kid could get a D in an Honors class, but an A in a Level 1.
A: (Doucette) They get the bump from the “AP” or “Honors” in front of their course titles.
A: (Russell) It is simply not so that a poor grade in an Honors class is doubled in a lower level class. As teachers we know that for a student in Level 1, an A represents incredibly hard work; we need to honor that work.

Q: What about the recommendation of listing the average grade in the class?
A: (Papadonis) One way to make a student’s transcript clearer, is to list the average for his/her class.

Q: What is this conversation about? Are we focusing on college admissions? Out of the four groups parents/students/admissions officers/faculty – which group/s want to change this policy?
A: (Doucette) We want all students at this school to do the best they can. Yes, our kids have been getting into elite colleges with weighted GPAs. This [WGPA] is still only a tool for comparing one LHS student to another.. The three schools that want weighted WGPAs also wanted class rank, and we don’t use that. WGPA is linked to class rank.

Q: We’re trying to take an incentive away from students to reach higher, in higher-level courses.
Q: What’s the harm in weighted GPAs?
A: When kids get their grades in homeroom, they see the GPAs and even if they have straight A’s they are demoralized if another student’s GPA is weighted.

Q: Are they [colleges] having trouble interpreting LHS transcripts?
A: (Jones) Colleges cannot always see that virtually all LHS classes are college prep.

Q: Wouldn’t it be better to improve the methodology rather than throw out the policy altogether?
A: (Papadonis) Interesting comment.

Q: My biggest concern is that there are no clear goals for this committee. Not do we or not have a GPA, a goal is are we going to try to see if our kids are getting into college or not. You clearly did not do that. When I look at your statistics I see that students want it, 30% of colleges want it,
A: (Papadonis) [Explained the task the committee was charged with completing]

Q: If that was your assignment, that was stupid. [Questioner left the session]
Q: One of the reasons I am behind your decision is that the system itself is flawed. If you compare a high performing Chemistry student/Concert Choir kid gets higher consideration than Chemistry student/athlete.
Q: Weighted GPA benefits a few high performer students with high interest parents. What do you think the advantages will be to the larger LHS population?
A: (Papadonis) In a discussion with an admissions officer at a major university, that person didn’t mention GPA at all. Mentioned big reputation of Lexington High School. It is to our advantage to raise the bar for all students. That is achieved in every class when we push students to the best of their ability; designation of class levels delineates level of performance.

Q: But what about advantages to the student population?
A: (Doucette) We have levels for different kinds of kids. I try to think what is the best fit for the student? If a student is bent on getting into a class because of the WGPA, I’ll recommend against it and in favor of getting the right class for this student. On the flip side, I’m going to try to push the student into the highest level class they can be successful in.
A: (Papadonis) To put it quite simply, students should not be taking a class to get into a specific college or to get a WGPA. They should be taking a course to benefit them. When you weight a class, that weighting becomes a factor in choosing the class.
Case in point: A poor math student decided to take an AP statistics course senior year. The parent asked, “Why in heavens name would you take statistics? You’ve never gotten above a C in Math? You can’t possibly do well in AP Stats.” She said, “Dad, I’m going to be a social science major. I need to prepare to study stats, even if I fail.” That’s the reason to take a class. Not for a grade. And this kid did fine. I know, she’s my daughter.
A: (Jones) Lincoln Sudbury and other similar area schools don’t use weighted GPA. When you look at what classes are weighted and which are not, it simply does not make sense. [Dr. Jones listed comparisons among several LHS classes for which GPA is weighted and not weighted.]

Q: We know the faculty and administration really wants to drop WGPA. There is still confusion among parents and students. Can’t we find consensus and reach out and get concrete information? Can’t we find those issues and causes that will build this community?

Co-president Hoard, our moderator for the evening, closed the formal session at 9 p.m.

Respectfully submitted,
Marilyn Rea Beyer
Secretary